A l'issue de ce cours, l'étudiant sera capable, dans un problème de conception de pièce structurelle, de définir un cahier des charges Matériaux-Procédés prenant en compte des contraintes multiples (performance de la pièce, éco-conception, mise en œuvre, coût, ...). A partir de ce cahier des charges et d'une connaissance approfondie du comportement (notamment thermomécanique) des matériaux à différentes échelles, il sera compétent pour mettre en place et utiliser une méthode de sélection des matériaux et pour mettre en œuvre des processus de multi-optimisation. Il pourra notamment proposer des pistes pour le développement de nouveaux matériaux.
The design of new devices and uses is the basis of innovation, and it is therefore a major issue in the industrial world. It is based on many tools, including material and process selection methods. These methods bring into play numerous technical criteria relating both to the performance of the materials and to the possibilities of implementation processes, to the available forms, to the costs and to the ecological impacts. This course aims to present a rational method, allowing to operate an optimal choice of materials, forms and processes in the design of industrial products. By establishing and taking into account well-defined specifications, in terms of objectives and constraints, we show how it is possible to define performance closely linked to the thermomechanical behavior of materials. From a multi-scale description of this behavior, we show how it is possible to systematically and scientifically obtain the best combination of materials and technologies for a given technical objective, or even to provide elements for the development of innovative materials. The method proposed is that of performance indices defined by Mr. ASHBY and the course is accompanied by practice of specific software. The course will cover the following points: · • Design methodology. · • Functional specifications · • Performance indices (definition, calculation). · • Thermomechanical behavior of materials (elasticity, plasticity, rupture) at different scales under elementary mechanical stresses (traction, compression, shear, punctual contact) · • Property maps, use of performance indices for the choice of materials. · • Taking into account the form and the process in the selection. · • Multi-constraints selection. · • Use of a specific software